Firearm.



J. 0. WHITE.

FIREARM. APPLICATION FILED NOV. 9, 1905.

2,2 fie. 22

PA'TENTED MAY 26, 1,908.

llllllllllllllllllmi 6 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

. v PATENTED MAY 26, 1908. J. 0. WHITE. I FIREARM.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 9, 1905.

a SHEETS-SHEET 6;

T all whom it may concern: 4

UNITED STATES PATENT," oFFioE.

I JOSEPH 0. WHITE, or CHELSEA, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR, BY'DIREOT' AND MESNE ASSIGN- MENTS, TO WHITE-MERRILL COMPANY, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, A'CORPORATION OF MASSACHUSETTS.

- FIREARM.

Patepte d May 26, 1908.

Application filed November 9, 1905. Serial No. 286,55

Be it known that I, JosErH- 0. WHITE,

citizen of the United States, and a resident of Chelsea, county'of Suffolk, Commonwealth of, Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Firearms, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the drawings accompany ing the same.

My invention relates tothat class of firearms in which theunlocking and opening of the breech, the ejection of the empty cartridge shell, the cooking of the hammer, the introduction of aloaded cartridge from a magazine into the. chamber of the barrel, and the closing and the locking of the breech, are automatically accomplished by means of the recoil of the moving-parts which takes place at thetime of firing.

The objects of my invention are as follows -To produce a firearm that is accurate, simple in its operation, inexpensive to manufacture, and that will not easily get out of order. I g j Another object of my invention is to roduce an automatic firearm wherein barre s of different caliber may be used without changing the breech locking mechanism, and a magazine holder thatca'n be made to accommodate magazines filled with cartridges of different calibers. j g

A further object of my invention is to so construct the automatic loading and unloading mechanism and the breech mechanism that a side hammer may be used that can be cooked andfired with one hand while held in an aimed position.

A further object of my invention is to pro- .vide a cartridge ejector that will act as an extractor atthefirst part of its movement, and thereafter act as an ejector .to throw the cartrid 'eoutward, downward and forward the breech-block being. then unlocked by hand, or it maybe automatically unlocked 'an'd'closed by the top cartridge in the magazine when it is inserted in the magazine holder.

A further object .of my invention is to produce a firearm in which the longitudinally moving parts to eject the empty shell and reload the firearm are ver light in weight, and therefore less calculate to afiect the aim by their movement; also permit of the use of a very small charge of powder without'affe'cuing the automatic ejection of an-empty shell, the reloading with a loaded shell, the cooking of the hammer, and the relocking of the breech-block and the barrel.

A still further object of my invention is to produce a locking mechanism in which the ocking parts of the mechanism are in full engagement until the recoil movement of the barrel and the receiver secured to it have reached their 'rearmost position. Various other features of my improvement will be more articularly referred to and described herea ter.

In the drawings accompanying this specification, in which I have represented the embodiment of my invention, already referredto; Figure 1 is a left hand side elevation of a pistol embodying my invention, Withfthe breech closed and the hammer uncooked, and showing the thumb-piece of the hammer.

Fig. 2 is a left hand sectional elevation of a pistol taken longitudinally through the barrel, receiver and breech closing mechanism, showinga sectional view of the various operating parts in detail. Fig. 3 is a sectional plan view through. line 33, Fig. 2. Fig; 4

sectional elevation through the. magazine taken on line 77 Fig. 6. Fig. 8 is the locking block which serves to secure the barrel to the receiver. Fig. 9 is a detailed view of the hammer showing the safety catch for holding the same at half cock against accidental displacement, or against being released by a pull. on the trigger. Fig. 10 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of a portion of the automatic mechanism, taken throughline 101'0, Fig. 5. 'Fig. 1 1 is a vertical front sectional elevation of the pistol looking from the front-through line 1111 Fig. 2, showing the parts of the automatic mechanism in section. Fig. 12 is a sectional .end elevation of a portionof the grip or magazine holder through line 1 2l2,. Fig. 2. Fig..13 is a side elevation ofthe re is a plan view of the magazine holder or grip ceiver removed from'the barrel and grip. Fig-{14 is a left hand side elevation of the pistol showing the portions of the mechan-. ism cut away and the hammer and safetycatch in dotted lines. Fig. 15 is a plan view of the adjustable rear sight. F ig. 16 is an end elevation of same. locking bolt catch. "Fig. '18 is aside eleva tion of same. Fig. 19 is a longitudinal sectional plan View of my device through line 19--19 Fig. 2 showing the breech-block moved rear ardly in the position the various parts occupy when. an empty shellis being ejected. Fig. 20 is a sectional plan view through line 202() Fig. 14- of the grip with the magazine for holding the cartridges inserted. Fig. 21 is a sectional plan view of the magazine showing the position of the cartridge. Fig. 22 is an isometric view of the safety-catch for locking the hammer. Fig. 23 is an isometric view of the spring for frictionally holding the safety-catch in its adjusted position. Fig. 24 is an isometric View of the thumb-piece for cockingthe hammer by hand. Fig. 25 is an isometric view of the latch for holding the breech-block and cover plate in their open positions. Fig. is a side elevation of the breech-block; Fig. 27 is an end elevation of the breech-block from the rear; Fig. 28 is a front elevation of the breech-block; Fig. 29 is a sectional side elevation. of the receiver with the operating mechanism removed Fig. 30 is a front end elevation of the receiver; Fig. 31 is a rear end elevation of the receiver; Fig. is a. side elevation of the sear, trigger andlocking catch; Fig. 33 is a plan of same; Fig. 34- is a side elevation of the sear; and Fig. 35 is a side elevation of the sear pull.

In the drawings, 1 represents the barrel of my improved firearm; and 2 the receiver which partially surrounds the rear end of the barrel, and is secured thereto by a pin 3 which projects through the opening 4 in the top of the receiver. The barrel is held upwardly in its secured position as shown in Fig. 2 by means of the hlock'5 which is shaped to fit the bottom of the barrel and the opening in the forward end of the receiver.

, The block 5 is held in its proper position by the block 5 and the screw 6, in such manner that the receiver and block are free to slide longitudinally upon the ledges 8 and 9, a distance equal to the recoil or unlocking movement of the barrel and recelver.

Fig. 17 is a plan of season The barrel 1 and the receiver 2 are held forward in the position shown. in Fig. 2 by means of the recoil spring 12, which is shown in full lines in"Figs.-1O and 11. The barrel is prevented from moving rearw: rdly more than a predetermined distance by means of the shoulder 16 coming in contact with the shoulder 17.

13 is a lockingplate for locking the breechblock which locking plate is pivoted to the receiver by the pivot screw 14 upon which it is free to oscillate at certain portions of the movement of the barrel and receiver; 15 and. 15 are interlocking teeth formed on the plate 13 and the breech-block 20. The function of the plate 13 will be more fully explained hereinafter.

The cover-plate 18 is designed to cover the opening in the left hand side of the receiver 2, and. the cover-plate 19 to cover the opening in the receiver 2 through which the empty shells are ejected. The cover-plate 1.) is attached to the breech-block 20 by means of the screw threaded rod 21, the nut 22 and the screw 23 which passes through the )01'- tion 24 and the hreech-block 20. Said cover-plate 19 is guided in its longitudinal movement by the edge of the platef25 and the breechbloek. The breech-block 20 is formed with a curvededge 28 on one side and the corner 29 which serves to guide it on the right hand side. It is provided on the left hand side with a groove 30 which slides upon a guide 31 formed in the cover-plate 18. It also has a flat surface 32 at its top which serves to further guide it by contact with a corresponding fiat surface in the top of the receiver. The hreech-block is provided with the in 21 attached to its front end and extentin through a round hole'33 formed throughout its length, which round hole is adapted to receive a spiral recoil s )ring 34 which serves to return the breech-biock and coverlate to their normal positions after a loader. cartridge has been inserted in the chamber in the barrel. 'The breech-block 20 is also provided with the shell extractor 35 which is pivoted in an orifice in the forward end of the breech-block, and has a forwardly disposed hook portion 36 formed to engage the rim of the cartridge for extracting it.

37 is a flat spring mounted at one end in an orifice 38 in the extractor 35, and extends forward in a curved line to press upon its front end and upon the inner wall of the cover-plate in such manner as to press the extractor 35 firmly against the rim of the cartridge. p

39 is what I term the extractor ejector, as it is provided with the hook portion 40 at its front end she ed to engage'the rim of the cartridge, an the transverse portion 41 formed to press against the head of the cartridge in such manner that when the breechibleck 2O recoils upon firing, the hook portion 40 will serve to assist the extractor in exbarrel'; but in moving backward from engagement with the breech of thebarrel, the point 42 will. engagethe shoulder 43, thereby stopping the further backward movement of the extractor ejector 39, causing the shoulder 41 and the ortion to move forward in the ,3 breech-bloc 20to'release thehook from'the rim of the cartridge, and cause the shoulder to cock the cartridge shell forward and outward to ejectit outwardly through the opening 44 in the side of the receiver. .The breech-block 20 as it -moves rearwardly serves to cock the hammer 46 by contact of its striking portion 47 with the head of the firing pin 45, and also by its contact, with the lowermost face of the breech-block.

The hammer 46 is held at full cock and revented from falling when the face of the Breech-block passes backward from over the. portion 47b'y contact of said ortion 47 with the under-side of the forwar end ofthe 6X- 5 tractor ejector 39, and is held in such position until. a loaded cartridge has been moved u wardly in the path of the returning breechb ock to be inserted in the chamber 50 of the barrel. Then as the breech-block 20 moves forward, the hammer is released by the extractor ejector and held by the sear. This holding of the hammer at full cock during the major portion of the movement of the breechblock gives ample time for the searto en-' gage the notches in the hammer.

The breech-block has a hole'49 in its forward end adapted to receive the firing pin 45, and so positioned that the forward end of the firing pin will contact with the primer of a 40 cartridgeinserted in the chamber 50 of the ,barrel. The forward end of the firing pin is surrounded by a s iral spring 51 which serves to retract it an( withdraw it from the \primer of the cartridge when the hammer is cocked.

The locking plate 13 is'shown in Fig. 2 in the po'sitibn it occupies when the teeth 15, 15 on the bottom of the breech-block and the top of said plate 13 are in interlocking engagement. When the recoil due to firing takes place, the receiver, barrel and breech block recede backward until the projection 52 contacts with the wall 52; thereupon the cam. surface 52 slides downwardly u on the inclined wall 52 of themagazine ho der, al-

magazine holder, thus disengaging said teeth 15, 15; The lockin -platev is held downwardly in its unlocked position by a latch 55,

Figs. 17 and 1S show two views of said lock- 5 of the receiver 2, and has an inwardlyprolowing the locking plate -13 to dro down wardlyj until the face 53 ofsaid Golfing-- plate contacts with the face 54 of the grip orv jecting ledge 57 which'is adapted to pass 1 over the edge oi the locking-plate when said i acting the shell from the chamber of the latch 55 is pressed inwardly by contact of the projection 58 with the cam portion 59 oi. the cover-plate '19 and the inner wall of said cover-plate, thus firmly holding the lookingplate downwardly and out of engagement with the breech-block during its rearward travel when extracting andejecting a car tridge and loadin a fresh one from the magazine. The cam s aped projection 59 serves to disengage the latch 55 from the lockinglate 13 when the teeth .15 and 15, are in ocking position. The breech-bl0ck 20 is provided at its rear end with a shell 61 which is inserted through an opening formed to receive it, and is provided with a downwardly projecting lug 62 which upon being inserted is turned around and contacts with a shoulder in the breech-block to prevent its being pushed outwardly by'tlie, tension of the recoil spring 34. The shell 61 is a loose fit in the hole 33 in the breech-block, and is free to slide longitudinally therein. It is also provided with .a recess longitudinally disposed to receive the outer or rear end of the spring -34. f The projecting lug 62 is of sufficient length to drop slidably below the lower sur- I face 01"" the breech-block and be in the path of the ledge 63 formed on the receiver 2, so that when the breech-block is traveling backwardly from the force of the recoil, it will by reason of its contact against the shoulder 63 compress the spring34 with sufiicient tension to return the breech-block and cover-plate to their normal positions.

The hammer 46 is pivoted in the grip upon a pivot point 64 secured therein, which: passes through a bearing 65 formed in the side of the magazine holder or grip. 7. Said grip 7 has also a curved recess 66 formed in its side, to receive the stud 67 which is a part of the thumb-piece 63 used for cocking the hammer with the thumb. The hammer is provided with what might be termed a safety-catch 7 0 to prevent the accidental fall ofthe hammer when cooked. The'safetycatch 7 0 is contained in a recess 69 formed in the side of the hammer. The safety-catch 70 is shown in dotted lines Fig. 14, and consists of a lever pivoted upon the stud 67 at one end so that it (may oscillate therewith, its lower endhaving a pawl or catch portion 71 which is shaped to catch in a recess 72 formed in the shell of the grip 7. The thumb- .piece 68 has formed on it bearing lugs 73 and 74 which enter correspondingly shaped refcesses in the pivotal portion of the latch levex, 70, so that by slightly oscillating the thumb-catch 63, it will swing the latch lever 7O-laterally and cause its point 71 to engage and disengage from the recess 72. 75 is a fiat spring pivoted upon the pivot 67, and'is provldedwith a hole 7 5 shaped. to receive the l gs 73 and 74 so that by turning the the sear-pull 00.

tliumb-piece 68 slightly upon its pivot, the

end 76 oithe spring will describe an are about said pivot 67. The spring 75 is also provided with a slight projection 77 on its inner face adapted to engage the detents 78 formed in .the side of the hammer. On turning the thumb-piece 68 slightly, the spring portion 76 will yield so that the projection 77 will rise out of the depression 78, slide over and into another one, thus preventing a free lateral movement of the locking latch 70. The hammer 46 is provided with the usual notches-79 and 80 in which the sear 81 will engage when the hammer is half cocked or full cocked. The hammer is also provided with a spring 82 which serves to cause it to rotate on-its pivot 64 when the sear is disengaged from the notches 79 and 80 to strike the firing pin. Said spring is attached to the grip 7 by the screws 83 and 84, its up or end being provided with a groove 85 wiich is adapted to receive the'end of a roll 86 pivoted in the lower portion of the hammer.

The scar 81 is pivoted upon a stud formed on its inner face. in a hole 87 formed in the side of the grip 7 and is free to oscillate therein. It is provided with a pivot which has a notched portion 88 adapted to receive a downwardly projecting catch portion 89 formed on the sear-pull 90. The sear-pull 90 is pivoted to the trigger 01 by the pivot 92. The

trigger 91 is pivoted upon the scar so that it will oscillate upon it. The trigger has a forwardly projecting portionto which the sear pull 90 is attached, said sear-pull being moved bodily in the arc of a circle described from the center of the scar pivot, so that movement of the finger portion 03 of the trigger 91 will cause said sear-pull 00 to revolve the sear through engagement otthe projection 89 with a shoulder 04 formed. upon the sear pivot. The sear-pull 90 is provided with a ilat spring 05 .v'lllCll tends to press its projection 80 into the opening 88.

My firearm is provided with what is termed a safety device to prevent it being autoimttically fired should the person operating the firearm pull the finger pullof the trigger backwardly to the firing position while the firearm is being automatically loaded. i

It is understood that upon firing, the receiver 2 and barrel 1 recede rearwardly slightly during the recoil, to unlock the breech. When the barrel and receiver rccode they carry with them the filling block 5. Said filling block 5 is provided with a rearwardly projecting portion 00 which is nrranged to contact. with a downwardly projecting portion 07 formed on the bottom of This contact of the rearwardly projectiiig portion 06 with the cam 07 raises the sear-pull upwardly so that the catch 89 will be out of t 1c path of the shoul ger back by means of the finger pull, or pull the trigger while the firearm was being automaticallyloaded, it would not pull the forward end of the sear out of engagement with the notches 79 and 80 designed to retain the hammer in its half cooked or cooked positions, so that it is impossible for the ha1nmer to tally while the breech-block is open in the act of extracting and ejecting a cartridge and reloading the chamber with a loaded cartridge.

The grip 1 is provided with a filling piece or disk-98 on one side, which serves to fill a space in the grip equal to the thickness of the hammer to allow the hammer to play freely.

The filling piece 98 has a flange-portion 09 to fill the s ace between the side wall of the grip and t 1e filling disk 98. It is held in position in the grip 7 by means of the catch 103 which is secured to the side of the grip by the plate 1.04 and suitable screws.

In F 1g. 5 the retaining catch 103 is more clearly shown. 105 is a flat spring so positioned as to contact with the top of the catch 103 and is held in its position by means of a screw 106 which passes through the side wall of the grip 7. Said catch 103 is bent-inwardly at its upper end as is shown in Fig. 5, so that when its lowermost portion is sprung outwardly by means of the spring 105, it will contact with the bottom of a ledge 107 secured to the outside of the magazine. To remove a magazine, the milled portion 108 of the catch is pressed.inwardly, thereby defleeting the upper end outwardly and from under the ledge 107 to permit the magazine to be withdrawn. The magazine is provided with inwardly projecting ribs 100 and 110 which run from top to bottom thereof and serve guides for the bullet ends of'the cartridge, and serve to keep the bullet ends of the cartridge in line, one above the other. The follower lll'is provided with a round downwardly projecting shell 114 which is adapted to receive the upper end of the, spring 115 so that it will act more directly on said follower. The follower is inclincdat its topportion to cause. the cartridges to be delivered to the ln'eech-block and chamber at the proper angle.

The magazine is designed to take rim, eartridgcs. The projecting portions 100 and 110 on the magazine serve to guide the forward end of the cartridge and are of suflicient distance at )art to allow the cartridge shellto move freely upwardly and downwardly between'them, while the rear end 117 of the der 94; hence. if one should hold .the trigmagazineiswideenough so that the rim endof tion 120 upon the-pivot 119 to adjust the the cartridges are quite loose therein, and the cartridges lie catacorner as illustrated in Fig. 21, allowing the cartridges to lie more nearl at the roper angle for insertion into the c amber t an would be possible if, they were held rigidly in line one above the other.

118 illustrates the rear si ht which is attached to the rear end of the receiver plate upon the pivot point 119 which is pivoted in the upper surface of the receiver 2. The sight portion 120 is formed with a curved slot 121 through which the body of the screw 122 passes, so that the opening 123 of the sight may be varied sidewise by loosening the screw 122 and swinging the sight porpistol to the error in holding or sight of the person using it, as well as to compensate for cross winds.

The recoil movement of the breech-block 20, due to firing, takes lace with great rapidity, so that the shoul er 124 on the breechblock 20 would contact with the shoulder 125 in the receiver with considerable force and noise were it not that I provide a spring 126, the upper end of which projects slightly rearward beyond the surface of the shoulder 124 so that it will strike the shoulder 125,

and through its flexibility soften the shock hand, and thereafter the breech-block and receiver closed. This device consists of the lever 127 which is pivoted in the receiver 2 in such manner that its ends 127, 127 will extend outwardly through openings 128 and 128 in the-side of the receiver to contact the portion 127 -Wltl1 the end of the cover-plate 19 to lock it in its open osition until the end 127 is pressed inward y by the hand of the operator to allow the cover-plate and breechwk to close. 129 is a flat spring attached to the locking latch 1:37 in such manner as to normally press the end 127" outwardly; 130 is an angular projection on the latch 127 which extends inwardly into the central opening in the receiver in such position as to be m the path of the uppermost cartridge in the magazine, so that when a loaded maga-' zine 1s mserted m the grip, the topmost cartridge of the magazine will contact with the point 130, deflect the inner end of tlre'latch outwardly nd thereby withdraw its end 127" out of the ath of the cover-plate, so that when the irearm is used as an automatic firearm, the breech-block and coverplate will automatically close without any manipulation of the operator; but when the firearm is used for single fire, the breechblock and cover-plate will be automatically.

locked in their rearward position.

The sight 131 which is attached to the front end of the barrel is adjustable vertically by means of its circular portion 132 sliding in ,a circular recess 133 formed in a block 134 attached to the front end of the barrel, and the sight 131 is held in its adjusted position by means of the pin 135 inserted m the holes 136. 13'7f 1s a guard formed in the cover-plate 18 and arranged 'to shield the thumb-piece 68.

The screw 138 is threaded to the breech.- block 20 and serves to secure the forward end of the cover- I late 19 to the breech-block, to retain the bu er spring 126 in place, and to hold the firing-pin 4 5 in osition. 139 is a spring attached at one 0 its ends to the against the.

sear 81, its other end bearing wall 140 of the receiver 2.

What I claim is- 1. In an' automatic firearm, a movable barrel; a receiver detachably secured to said barrel; a breech-block movably secured in the receiver; a recoil spring secured in said breech-block; a sliding'sleeve mounted in a recess in the breech-block having a projec tion extending beyond the surface of the breech-block; and an abutment formed in the receiver against which said projection contacts to compress the spring; and a lock ing-plate pivoted in the receiver in such manner that it will be in full locking engagement -with the breech-block during the greater portion of the recoil movement of the receiver.

2 An automatlc firearm having a movable barrel; a movable receiver detachably secured to the barrel; a breech-block slidably mounted in the receiver; a spring mounted' in a recess in said breech-block; a.sleeve-vin closing the rearend of said spring, slidably mounted in the breech-block; a projection on said sleeve extending beyond the walls of the breech-block; an abutment on the receiver against which said. projection bears; a locking-plate; locking projections on said locking-plate near one end; a downwardly rojecting portion at the other end-of said coking-plate, said locking-plate adapted to contact with a shoulder on the grip'frame positively to disengage the locking-plate from the breech-block.

3. In an automatic firearm, a movable barrel; a receiver detachably secured to the barrel and movable therewith; a slidable breeclr-bldck mounted in the receiver; a recess in said breech-block; a recoil spring mounted in said recess; a sleeve 'slidably mounted in said recess adapted to inclose the rear end of the s ring; a projection on said sleeve projecting eyond the walls of the breechblock; an abutment in the receiver against which the projection contacts; a

and a locking latch mounted in the receiver for positively holding the locking-plate out of engagement with the breech-block during the greater portion of its recoil movement.

' 5. In an automatic firearm, a movable barrel; a receiver detachably secured to the barrel and movable therewith; a breech-block slidably mounted'in the receiver; a locking plate adapted to lock the breech-block in its closed position; a latch pivoted in said receiver adapted to positively hold the lockingplate in its unlocked position; and means on the cover plate to cause the latch to engage and be disengaged from the locking-plate.

6. In an automatic firearm, a movable barrel; a receiver detachably secured to the barrel and movable therewith; a breech-block slidably mounted in the receiver; a spring mounted in the breech-block; a sleeve inclosing a portion of said spring having a projection thereon; an abutment formed in the receiver against which said projection is arranged to contact; a locking-plate adapted to lock the breech-blockin its closed position a latch pivoted in said receiver adapted to positively hold the locking-plate in its unlocked position; and means on the cox-*er-plate to cause the latch to 'eiigage and be disengaged from the locking-plate.

7. In an automatic firearm, the combina tion with the grip, of a hammer pivoted within the grip; means for cocking the hammer by the recoil movement ol' the breechblock; a thumb piece for cocking the hammer by hand and a safety-catch operated by said thumb-piece.

S. In an automatic firearm, a grip; a hammer pivoted to the inside of the side wall of the grip; a slot in the side wall of the grip; a thumb-piece secured to the hammer and extending through said slot and a safety-catch mounted on the hammer.

9. In a firearm, a barrel; a receiver attached to the barrel and movable therewith; a brecch-block slidably mounted in the rccciver; a grip upon which the receiver is mounted; a hammer pivoted in one side of said grip; a thumb-piece secured in the hammer ant projectingthrough a slot in the grip;

ceased and asafety-catch operated by said thumbpiece 10. In a firearm, a barrel; a receiver attached to the barrel; a breech block slidably mounted in the receiver; a projection in the forward end of said breech-block; a spring mounted in, a recess in said projection;. a projection on the receiver adapted to contact with the spring and projection on the breechblock to cushion the recoil blow of the breechblock. j

1]. in a iirearm, a barrel; a receiver detachably attached to the barrel; both movable; a breech-block slidably mounted in the receiver; a gri p upon which the receiver is mounted; a projection on the forward end of the blGGGll-blOGk; an abutment formed in the receiver against which the projection on the breech-block is. arranged to contact; a spring in the projection in the breech-block projecting slightly beyond said projection and arranged to contact with the abutment in the receiver before the projection on the brccclnblock contacts therewith.

12. in a firearm having a movable barrel and a receiver to which the barrel is detachably secured, a brceclnblock slidably mounted in said receiver: a grip to which the barrel and receiver arc secured; a hammer pivoted on the inside of the grip; a s wring for operating the hammer; a circular slot in the grip; a. thumb-piece scoured in the hammer projecting through said slot; a safety catch; and means on the breechblock for cooking the hammer when said brccch-blwlr is moved to its open position.

13. in aiircarm, the combination of a hammer and a safety catch pivoted in said hammer: a grip in which the hammer is pivoted; and mcans in the grip to engage the satctyair-h.

14-. in a firearm, the combination of a hammer pivoted in thc grip; a sal'etyaxatch. pivoted in the hammer; means on the grip adapted to cngagc the safety catch; a thumb -piccc for cocking the hammer to which the safety-catch is pivoted.

In a Iirearm, the combination of a hammer pivoted in the grip; a safety-catch pivoted on the hammer; a recess in the grip for engaging the safety catch; a thumbpiecc pivoted in thehammer to which the safety-catch is attached; and means where by the thumb- )iece will operate to engage and disengage t 1c catch from the recess when the hammer is partially cocked.

16. ln'a firearm, the combination of a hammer; a safety-catch mounted in the hannncr; a thumb-piece pivoted in the hammer and attached to the safety-catch; and means whereby the act of cocking the hammer will disengage the safety-catch from the grip.

the grip; a safety-catch pivoted in the ham- 17. In a firearm, a hammer mounted in" I pivoted in'the hammer to which the safetyection, said spring serving to frlctionally hold the safety catch in its adjustedpositi0n'.

18. In an automatic firearm, a movable;" barrel; a movable receiver detachably se-h as tokslide' rearwardly throughitherecoil due catch is attached; ,a spring pivoted 'to the thumb-piece having a in thehammer adapte to receive the procured to the barrel; a grip on which the bare rel and recelver are mounted; a hammer mounted in one sideof the grip 'a scar pivoted in the grip; a trigger mounted-upon the sear pivot; a. searpull pivoted. to the trigger; and means secured, to the barrel ar rangedto vdisengage the sear-pull from the sear when the barrel is moved rearwardly."

19. In a firearm, the combinationwith the grip, of avhammer pivoted in the grip; asear pivoted in the grip;' a trig er mounted upon the sear pivot; a sear-p11 llpivoted to the trigger; and means whereby the recoil of the barrel .Will disengage'the searpull from the 20-. ha firearm,- the 'combinati'onwith the. grip, of ahammer pivoted in the grip; a-sear pivoted inthe rip; a trigger pivoted in the grip; a sar-pu l pivoted to-the trigger; and means secured tothe barrel and receiver, arrangedto contactgwith the sear-pull to-d'is-' engage it from the sear. I

21. In a firearm, a movable barrel and a receiver attached to the barrel; a breech block slidably mounted in the receiver and moved rearwardly by the recoil due to the firing ofthe cartridge a spring to close said breech-block, a hammer mounted in the grip, a sear mounted in the grip adapted to engage the hammer; a trigger mounted upon the sjear pivot} andza seare ull ada ted to en-- gage the sear and arrange to be isengaged from the sear while the "barrel and breech.-

. block are in theircrecoil positions.

y receiver attached to the barrel;}.-a breechblock 'slidably mounted in the barrel and breech-block; a hammer mounted in the grip; a sear mounted in the grip adapted to T engage the hammer a trigger mounted upon projection; a idetent' -the -sear pivotfand a sear pull adapted to enga' e the. sear and arranged. to- -be disengage fromthe sear hiIe-the-barreI and breech-block are in their 'recoil positions, andto be again engaged with; the sjea'r when the barrel,- receiverand breech-block areginftheir norinal and closed positions.

h '23. In -a firearm, a movable. barrelland re-' ceiver'attacliedtothe-barrel; a breechrblock mounted iiii the" receiver in such manner to firing. a cartridge; "a spring for.- returning the breech-block to its closedzposition; a- 65.

covereplate tof coverthe opening through opening; means wher by the breech-block 1 and cover-plate will lie-automatically locked in'their rearmost. positions after recoil when the magazine, is

24. In 'a firearm, a movable barrel and a -;receiver detachably secured to, the barrel a 'breechblock mounteddnthe -i'eceiver imsu'ch 3 manner as to slide rearwardlytherein' through, 7 5

the recoil due to the-firing of a cartridge;- a s ring for returning.the' breech block toits yc osed position; a-eoverplat to-[cover the opening through which the empty shells are ejected attachedlto the bre'eeh block means whereby the breech-block and. cover-plate will be automatically 'lock'edfin their rean' most position afterrecoil' when, the magazine is-empty and mean w by the} b T block and cover-plateniaybe unlocked to "8-5 return to theirelosed'positions. 25. In an automaticfirearmflhe combination a cartridge-hol'der of a cartridgeh oldin recess'formed'therein, wider at one edge t an atthe other; guides for guiding 30.

theibullet end of the cartridges to kee them ,in line one above the other and the to lower;

said follower; a sleeve on the bottom'of the z :follower arranged to incl'osethe.upperend-of I as ring; and said spring." 3 n testimony whereof, I' have hereunto set my hahd, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses, this the fourth day of November, A.,D. 1905. e v V I JOSEPH C. WHITE.

Witnesses: I I H. M. KE'Lso,

. R.- 'P ELLIOTT(. 

